汉森制药-益阳中药材种植及加工示范基地项目可行性研究报告
思瀚产业研究院    2021-07-13

1.1 项目名称：

中药材种植及加工示范基地项目。

1.2 项目单位：

湖南汉森制药股份有限公司。

1.3 拟建地点：

湖南省益阳市东部新区。

1.4 产品方案与生产规模

中药材种植及加工示范基地建设总体工程用地2300亩。汉森制药 中药材种植及加工示范基地项目计划占地1850亩，建设用地450亩， 主要用于中药材收购、加工、储存、检测及展示销售。项目用地涵盖 了沧水铺镇的砂子岭村、黄团岭村、泉交河镇的龙泉村3个村，共36 个组。后续用地、储备用地在1200亩左右，涉及现有3个村的11个组， 各项条件与上相同。

（1）中药材种植基地建设：种植基地工程总规模1850亩。从适 合中药材种植基地的中药材品种中选取以下11种中药材进行种植：木 香、枳壳、白芷、白术、山药、白芍、蒲公英、鱼腥草、益母草、地 黄、桔梗等。

（2）中药材饮片加工厂及商业配套：加工厂工程建设配套用地 450亩。其中包括整体收购林芳生态园。

1.4 建设年限

项目建设期需 3 年。

1.5 总投资

投资总额：8000 万元。其中： 固定资产投资：7100 万元，占投资总额的 88.75 % ，流动资金投入：780 万元，占投资总额的 9.75 %，不可预计资金：120 万元，占投资总额的 1.50 %。

1.8 经济效益指标

（1）中医药科研展示体验中心经济效益

中药材种植及加工示范基地 2300 多亩土地，其中中药材饮片加工厂及商业配套建设用地 450 亩，建设项目有商业经济区、名贵中药材及花卉植物种植观赏区、中药养生保健区、中药科研展示区、药用植物育种区等。同时中药材种植及加工示范基地优越的地理位置、便捷的交通网络、优美的自然环境完全可以开发旅游地产，这些项目建成后，将产生很高的经济效益。

（2）土地效益

土地效益除产生生产效益外，土地升值空间也较大。一是土地流转价格的升值，目前土地流转价格呈不断上升态势。赫山区部分地方林地已达 400 元/亩每年，水田 800 元/亩每年，并且根据目前国家土地政策，农村土地、集体土地可同价入市，土地升值还有更进一步的空间。

（3）林芳资产增值

林芳整体收购价为 3680 万元（含宾馆），林芳生态园为国家 2A级景点、国家水土保持科技示范园、省五星级休闲农庄、省五星级农业旅游景点，是一家经营 7 年的市、区重点旅游企业。林芳生态园区4内各类花卉、苗木的资产评估价值达 6800 多万元，具备较大的资产增值空间。

（4）林业效益

林业效益除了林芳生态园各类花卉苗木增值外，公司回购的 1200多亩林地树木，既保持了水土，又可美化项目环境，更主要的是土地一旦流转成功，一年后，它将产生巨大的有形效益和无形效益。有形效益是树木的自然增长，项目建成后的升值，更主要的是让项目环境美化提前了至少 10 年（即无形效益）。

1.9 项目提出的背景

我国的中药材主要来源于天然野生自然资源，很多宝贵的药种由于人口不断增长、生态受到破坏，加之多年来不断的采挖，使野生中药材不断减少，资源遭受了严重的破坏，储量也急剧减少，有的种类濒临灭绝，市场中药材的供应已远远不能满足人类的需要。其主要原

因有：

（1）中药材需求量不断增长造成野生中药材资源遭到严重破坏。

随着人口不断增长，国际社会对中药材治疗的认识不断提高，中药材需求量不断增长，一些常用大宗中药材出现供不应求，引发中药材过度采挖，从而造成中药材资源遭受严重破坏。

（2）中药材生存环境的破坏造成野生中药材资源的短缺。

由于人们对山林、水土的保护不力，致使中药材的生存环境遭到严重破坏，加上春旱少雨等自然灾害的影响，亦对中药资源产生了破坏性的作用。

（3）中药材的短缺和价格的上涨造成野生中药材资源的掠夺性采挖。

随着市场价格的进一步放开，受农副产品比价的影响，药材收购价格逐年上涨，争先抬价抢购现象屡见不鲜，进一步刺激了农民采药的积极性，不顾资源现状，杀鸡取卵，掠夺性采挖。

（4）中药材生长环境、采收和加工的乱象也造成野生中药材资源的质量严重下降。

中药材是防病治病的特殊商品，其质量的优劣与药材本身所含的化学成份密切相关，而化学成份的多少、有无又与药材的采收期和加工方法紧密相关，如黄芩、苍术、柴胡、赤芍、刺五加、黄精等根及根茎类药材以初春秋末采收，有效成分含量高，质量好，而实际情况却是春、夏、秋三季连续采刨，又不按传统方法加工，致使中药材商品质量严重下降。

鉴于上述原因，必须采取相应措施，对野生中药材资源加强保护，合理的开发利用。同时对需求量大的常用大宗药材，变野生为种植，为中药材产业的发展提供优质丰富的中药材。

2.0 项目提出的依据

近年来，由于全球气候发生变化导致的生态环境的巨大改变，以及人们对中药资源不合理的开发和采收等因素，造成了许多中药材资源的枯竭和种质资源退化严重，使得中药材资源的质量很难得到保证，已引起了各方面人士的高度重视。为了保证提供高质量的中药材原料，确保中药材的疗效，在道地药材研究的基础上选择品种并在最适宜生长地域按照现代规范技术进行种植，建设现代规范化种植基地是中药材现代化的前提和保证。

（1）中药材的现代化种植是现代中药材生产的重要保证。

中药材的种植不同于一般的农作物和经济作物的种植。中药材种植的质量关系到人们的健康和生命安全，它要求的技术含量高，必须根据每一种药材的生长特性进行种植和管理，对环境、气候因子、采收、施肥的要求严格，如同样是桑寄生：寄生于桑、柿、槐、荔枝、沙梨等植物上的干燥带叶茎枝，含槲皮素、醍蓄甙等成分，具有补肝肾、去风湿、强筋骨、养血、安胎、降压的功效；而寄生于马桑上的带茎枝叶因含有马桑内酯等毒素，不可做中药材。只有根据特定的环境要求进行严格的种植和管理，才能保证中药材的质量。因而，中药材的种植必须有专业的人才和专家参与管理和经营。专业的人才和专家不可能依托个体、分散的经营与种植，只有一定的组织和企业，才能发挥专家的指导作用，企业的参与有利于促进中药材植业的发展。

各种适合种植的中药材在基地种植的分布情况图

（2）中药材的集约化种植是中药材规范化、现代化的基础。

分散的、零星的、各自为政的个体种植方式早已不适应于现代中药材的发展。长期以来，我国中药材的生产是以原始、粗放、分散的方式进行，大多都是凭经验进行种植和管理，种植者与种植者之间差异很大，缺乏统一规范的种植和管理，批与批之间质量相差很远。中药材要发展，要打破现有的状况和格局，首先质量是关键，稳定和高等的质量来源于严格规范的种植管理和技术，科学规范化和集约化的种植和管理；其次市场是保证，中药材种植规划必须建立在市场调查的基础之上，只有在广泛的市场调查中才能科学地规划种植面积。只有企业的参与才有可能对中药材种植进行全面科学的规划与管理，并对市场进行全面的分析与论证，严格规范管理，保证质量和产量。

（3）科学技术是中药材现代规范化种植的动力

中药材的种类繁多、生物活性多样。中药材是中药的原料和治病的物质基础，是一种特殊的商品，“有效性、安全性、稳定性和质量的可控性”是其质量的基本保证，也是现代中药材的重要指标。为了确保中药材的稳定性、安全性和有效性，必须加强中药材种植的科研力度，对中药材种植过程中的每一生产环节进行全面的、深入的、细致的研究。优良的栽培技术是中药材品质的重要保障。个体的、分散式的种植方式不能也不可能对中药材种植进行深入的研究，只有集约式的规范管理种植才有可能对中药材种植的每一个环节、每一个因子进行深入的科学研究，从而促进中药材种植业的发展。

（4）中药材资源可持续发展是中药材现代化种植的前提

优质中药材是在一定的生态地理环境下形成的质优效佳产品。自然条件或栽培条件发生改变，植物生长发育及其药材形态结构也随之发生改变，种质资源的退化是种植中药材不可避免的。优良的栽培技术是最大限度防止中药材品种的退化，并培育出优良的中药材种植品种，保持中药材的可持续发展的保障。每一种中药材均有其最小的种群面积数，小于该面积要保存其优良的特性和稳定的更新几乎是不可能的，分散的、小面积的种植不利于中药材品质的保存和持续发展，只有一定的种群种植面积，才有可能保持稳定的特性，营造其适合自身发展最佳生存环境，并选育出优良的品种。集约化的中药材规模种植有利于自身优良品种的选育及中药材的可持续发展，并营造出其适宜的生存环境。

因此，发挥企业在现代中药材种植业的主导作用，以集约化、科学化、现代化的管理，建立名牌中药材，对保证中药材的质量和疗效，更好地创促进我国中药材的发展，提高我国中药材在国际上的竞争力有着非常重要的意义。

目 录

第一章 总论································································································1

1.1 项目名称································································································1

1.2 项目单位································································································1

1.3 拟建地点································································································1

1.4 产品方案与生产规模············································································1

1.5 建设年限································································································2

1.6 总投资···································································································2

1.7 资金解决途径··························································································2

1.8 经济效益指标··························································································2

1.9 综合结论································································································4

1.9.1 项目总体评价························································································4

1.9.2 可行性研究结论·····················································································5

1.9.3 问题与建议···························································································5

第二章 项目建设的背景和必要性·······························································6

2.1 项目提出的背景和依据··············································································6

2.1.1 项目提出的背景·····················································································7

2.1.2 项目提出的依据·····················································································8

2.2 项目建设的必要性和经济意义····································································10

2.2.1 项目建设的必要性·················································································10

2.2.2 项目建设的意义····················································································13

第三章 项目建设的条件·················································································15

3.1 区位优势条件·························································································15

3.2 交通优势·······························································································15

3.2.1 公路···································································································15

3.2.2 铁路···································································································15

3.2.3 港口机场·····························································································15

3.3 自然条件·······························································································16

3.3.1 地理条件·····························································································16

3.3.2 气候条件·····························································································16

3.4 原材料条件····························································································16

第四章 项目建设的市场分析与预测························································18

4.1 中药材种植产品简介················································································18

4.1.1 木香···································································································18

4.1.2 枳壳···································································································18

4.1.3 白芷···································································································19

4.1.4 白术···································································································19

4.1.5 山药···································································································20

4.1.6 白芍···································································································21

4.1.7 蒲公英································································································21

4.1.8 鱼腥草································································································22

4.1.9 益母草································································································22

4.1.10

地黄··································································································22

4.1.11

桔梗··································································································23

4.2 市场需求································································································23

4.2.1 国内市场需求·······················································································24

4.2.2 国际市场需求·······················································································26

4.3 社会需求································································································28

4.4 生态改善································································································28

4.5 经济发展································································································28

第五章 项目规模与建设方··············································································29

5.1 项目建设规模·························································································29

5.1.1 建设的指导思想与建设原则·····································································29

5.1.2 中药材种植基地建设总体规模··································································29

5.2 中药材种植基地建设方案··········································································30

5.2.1 中药材种植基地建设规模········································································30

5.2.2 中药材种植基地中药材品种规划·······························································30

5.2.3 中药材种植基地中药材产品产量规划·························································31

5.2.4 种植、栽培技术方案···············································································32

5.2.5 技术推广、示范和培训············································································60

5.2.6 技术保障服务体系建设············································································61

5.3 中药材饮片加工厂及商业配套建设规模························································61

5.3.1 中药材饮片加工厂建设内容·······································································61

5.3.2 中药材商业配套建设················································································68

5.4 公用工程································································································72

5.4.1 给、排水工程························································································725.

4.2 供电工程·····························································································72

第六章 组织机构与人力资源配置·····································································74

6.1 组织及工作制度······················································································74

6.1.1 组织与管理体系····················································································74

6.1.2 基地服务体系·······················································································74

6.2 项目管理机构·························································································74

6.3 劳动定员································································································75

6.4 人员培训································································································

75

6.5 劳动保护与安全卫生教育··········································································76

6.6 项目运行管理·························································································76

6.6.1 项目管理·····························································································76

6.6.2 资金管理·····························································································

76

第七章 环境影响评价····················································································78

7.1 中药材种植基地对环境影响·······································································78

7.1.1 整地对水土流失的影响···········································································78

7.1.2 施用化肥、农药对环境影响······································································78

7.1.3 对野生动物栖息环境的影响·····································································78

7.1.4 中药材饮片加工厂对环境影响··································································78

7.1.5 中药材保健疗养馆对环境影响··································································78

7.2 环境保护措施及评价················································································79

7.2.1 整地技术措施·······················································································79

7.2.2 施肥（药）技术措施···············································································79

7.2.3 编制依据及原则····················································································79

7.2.4 环境保护措施·······················································································80

第八章 项目实施进度····················································································82

8.1 建设工期·································································································82

8.2 项目实施进度安排···················································································82

第九章 投资估算与资金筹措···········································································83

9.1 投资估算依据·························································································83

9.2 土地与厂房投资······················································································83

9.2.1 中药材种植基地土地流转成本··································································83

9.2.2 中药材饮片加工厂建筑面积·····································································85

9.2.3 中医药科研展示体验中心建筑投资····························································85

9.3 办公设备·································································································85

9.4 生产设备·································································································85

9.5 配套·····································································································85

9.6 管理费用································································································85

9.7 能源动力································································································86

9.8 铺底流动资金·························································································86

9.9 固定资产投资·························································································86

9.10 流动资金投入·························································································86

9.11 总投资·································································································86

9.12 资金解决途径··························································································87

第十章 效益分析与评价·················································································88

10.1 计算指标与费率标准···············································································88

10.2 成本分析······························································································90

10.2.1 折旧与分摊·························································································90

10.2.2 总成本费用·························································································91

10.3 销售收入预测························································································91

10.4 销售税金······························································································92

10.5 利润及分配···························································································92

10.6 财务指标估算························································································92

10.6.1 财务内部收益率···················································································92

10.6.2 投资回收期·························································································93

10.6.3 投资利润率（税后）··············································································93

10.6.4 投资利税率·························································································93

10.6.5 不确定分析·························································································93

10.7 效益分析······························································································94

10.7.1 直接经济效益评价················································································94

10.7.2 潜在经济效益评价················································································94

10.7.3 社会效益····························································································95

10.7.4 无形资产效益······················································································96

第十一章 风险分析·······················································································97

11.1 项目风险分析························································································97

11.2 技术与经营风险·····················································································97

11.3 市场风险······························································································97

11.4 规避分析的主要措施···············································································98

第十二章 可行性研究结论与建议·····································································99

12.1 项目总体评价·························································································99

12.2 可行性研究结论······················································································99

11.3 问题与建议···························································································100